Molecular characterization of diarrheal disease Klebsiella pneumoniae in children under five years of age in Tikrit, Iraq

Abstract

Bacteria, which are classified after enteroviruses, are the second most common cause of diarrhea, as they include species and genera of the enteric family, the most widespread of which are (Escherichia coli, Shigella, Plesiomonas, and Salmonella, and Klebsiella pneumoniae ) was recently added as a type of bacteria that causes diarrhea It is essential to diagnose it based on the phenotypic form and biochemical tests to determine the appropriate treatment to eliminate it, inhibit it, or reduce its spread The main objective of this study is to demonstrate that K. pneumoniae is a causative species of diarrhea in children under five years of age and that it may possess virulence genes that may lead to life-threatening children who may develop severe diarrhea due to this bacteria. Biochemical and biological tests were performed for the bacterial samples. The DNA extracted from the isolates was subjected to rRNA amplification by PCR. K. pneumoniae isolates were evaluated with specific primer genes (KPompa, Khe, and Kpfima) with antibiotic identification using specific primers. Moreover, the concentration of IL-6 was determined using the ELISA technique. Some disease strains have been identified by genetic trees as well. The proportions of K. pneumoniae bacteria were the second highest rates of bacteria diagnosed in the urine of children under five with diarrhea, so their percentage was higher than other types that cause diarrhea. It was found that K. pneumonia contains one or more virulence genes in the same strains. The most virulent gene identified by the primers was (KP16S), which scored 100% virulence, followed by the primer gene (Shi'a gene), which was estimated at 99%, whose effect was moderate and which was identified by the primers (KPompa, Khe, and Kpfima. ) with a virulence rate of 68.5% for the three genes equally. High levels of the natural antibody interleukin (IL-6) indicate more elevated levels than normal. In this study, K. pneumoniae is one of the types of bacteria that cause diarrhea in children under the age of five, and its high number in people with diarrhea results from a group of its virulence genes formed in the digestive system of infected people. It may be a type of bacteria that is resistant to antibiotics. A high level of interleukin IL-6 in blood serum is a clear indication of infection with K. pneumoniae.