Hydrological and Qualitative Properties of Selected Shallow Wells within Mosul City

Abstract

Ten locations were chosen for surface wells within Mosul city. The depth of the ground water ranged between (1.1 – 18 m). The saturated water conductivity measured in the field is medium to very rapid (3.97 - 47.01 cm hr^-1), depending on the distance of the Tigris River edge, soil layers' properties and the presence of wastewater. Irrigation water discharge ranges between (2.1 - 11 m³ hr^-1) it depends on several factors, including the horsepower of the pump and the ability to recover the water, as some wells such as Al-Qusour and Pharmacy (2) Wells suffer from interruptions in water recovery. In general, the studied water contains a high percentage of sulfuret ions reach up (2392 ppm), which negatively affects the suitability of the water. The degree of hardness is high in most of the study's water. The studied water is classified as medium to high salt concentration. The standards of Sodium Adsorption Ratio & Soluble Sodium Percentage show that the sodium ion has a low concentration effect on the plant growth. Repeated irrigation of gardens, nurseries and fields with this water often led to the accumulation of salts reaching (6 dS/m) and sulfate compounds reaching (5540 ppm) in particular.