Evaluation of adropin and erythropoietin levels and study of biochemical markers in patients with chronic renal failure in Kirkuk city, Iraq

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the levels of adropin, erythropoietin (EPO) and biochemical parameters such as urea, creatinine, albumin and uric acid in patients with chronic renal failure in the end stage of the disease in Kirkuk province, Iraq. Adropin is considered an important variable in this study due to its important role in metabolic balance, which makes it an important biomarker in assessing variables in chronic kidney failure.

 The study samples consisted of 90 individuals, divided into 60 patients and 30 healthy individuals, where the comparison between patients and healthy individuals was studied in terms of gender, age and overall. Adropin and erythropoietin were estimated by ELISA, while the remaining variables were estimated by spectroscopic methods used according to each diagnostic kit. The results showed that the levels of urea (P≤0.0001) and creatinine (P≤0.0001) in the patients were significantly higher than in the control group, indicating deterioration of kidney function. A slight decrease in albumin levels was observed in patients (P ≤ 0.0197), while erythropoietin levels showed a significant increase (P = 0.0101). Adropin levels were not statistically significant (P = 0.0688), The value indicates that the relationship between adropin and chronic kidney disease did not reach the level of statistical significance. This result does not mean that there is no biological relationship in patients, as changes in metabolism, inflammation, and vascular function can occur, all of which are affected by adropin levels. Analysis of the effects of sex and age showed significant differences in several indices, including erythropoietin and albumin. The aim of study to indicates the importance of monitoring biochemical markers to assess the health status of CKD patients and guide appropriate therapeutic interventions.

The results showed a significant increase in urea (P≤0.0001) and creatinine (P≤0.0001) levels among patients compared to the control group, indicating a deterioration in renal function. A slight decrease in albumin levels was observed in patients (P≤0.0197), while erythropoietin levels showed a significant increase (P=0.0101), reflecting a compensatory response to anemia. Although adropin levels were not statistically significant (P=0.0688), their increase may reflect changes in metabolic processes associated with the disease.

The effect of gender and age was analyzed, and the results showed significant differences in some indicators such as erythropoietin and albumin. This study indicates the importance of monitoring biochemical indicators to assess the health status of patients with chronic renal failure and guide appropriate therapeutic interventions.