Study of the Relationship Between Estrogen Hormone and Some Risk Factors in Pregnant Women with Urinary Tract Infection in Samarra city

Abstract

Background : During pregnancy, many women develop a urinary tract infection (UTI), which is a natural reaction against microorganisms that cause inflammation, and it affects different age stages, and due to the many physiological and hormonal changes in pregnant women, these factors can increase the incidence of UTI, and because of the importance of this topic and the lack of studies that show the impact of several factors, including the location of housing, age and other factors, in addition to the lack of studies on understanding the relationship between increasing estrogen and infection,  according to the above our study was conducted to evaiuate these factors and their relationship to UTI.

Methods: Urine samples were collected from pregnant women with UTI, where the number of samples was 120 samples collected from women attending medical clinics and Samarra General Hospital with ages ranging from 18 to 40 years. 40 years old, culture media were prepared and bacterial isolates were grown on different media, including MacConkey agar medium and blood agar medium, and diagnosed according to phenotypic and microscopic characteristics, and the relationship of UTI to some factors was studied by making a special questionnaire for factors, and the relationship of estrogen to UTI was studied by the ELISA technique, and the results were analyzed.

Results:  Culture and diagnostic results from 120 samples from pregnant women with UTI revealed that only 73 (60.8%) of the samples had bacterial growth, while the rest of the samples did not show growth despite the appearance of pus cells, According to phenotypic and microscopic characteristics and biochemical tests  as these bacterial isolates were diagnosed into seven different types as follows: Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus , Klebsiella pneumonia, Enterobacter cloacae, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeuroginosa, and Leuconostoc mesenteroides.E. coli ranked first with 48 isolates and a percentage of 65.75%, while L. mesenteroides showed the lowest number of isolates, amounting to one isolate and a percentage of 1.36%.The results also showed that UTI is affected by several factors, including housing location, age, number of sexual intercourse, use of immunosuppressants, and infection with the COVID-19. The study also proved that increased concentrations of estrogen hormone play a role in increasing UTI.

Conclusion:   This study revealed the high prevalence of UTI among pregnant women, and the most common pathogen causing UTI was Escherichia coli, The results also showed that UTI is affected by several factors, including housing location, age, number of sexual intercourse, use of immunosuppressants, and infection with the COVID-19, The study also proved that increased concentrations of estrogen hormone play a role in increasing UTI.